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UnitTrack · Disclosure-controlled report
Electric — Municipal Utility
Greenfield Municipal Power (synthetic)
Generated 2026-07-27 19:36 ·
Grouped by census tract · k = 15
Residual re-identification risk
worst case 6% · Low
· smallest published group 17
9/77
Census tract groups published
—
of meter reads in published output
68
groups withheld by disclosure control
15/15 rule
≥15 contributors; no single customer over 15%
Contents
Disclosure control & data provenance
Grouping the dataset into 77 census tract groups, 9 were safe to publish and 68 were withheld under the rules below. The exact share published and the grand total are withheld here so the small suppressed group can't be recovered by subtraction; the published output carries a worst-case re-identification risk of 6% (Low).
Data quality & reliability
18000
Loaded reads
0 rejected & quarantined
4.0%
Estimated reads
utility estimate flag
0.3%
Negative usage
rollovers / net metering
2763
High outliers
Tukey 1.5·IQR (1977)
Anomalies are flagged, not dropped; rows failing validation are quarantined as rejected. 156 reads (0.9%) lack coordinates and are excluded from spatial views.
Methods & authorities
-
Minimum-count (k-anonymity) — 31 groups withheld
(triggered by your minimum group size k = 15).
Sweeney, k-anonymity (2002); ESSnet/Eurostat SDC Handbook (Hundepool et al.) — minimum-frequency / threshold rule · Meets/exceeds: CA CPUC D.14-05-016 ("15/15"); IL 220 ILCS 33
-
(n,k)-dominance — 37 groups withheld
(triggered by your top-1 dominance limit p = 15%).
ESSnet/Eurostat SDC Handbook §4.2 (Hundepool et al.) — sensitive cells in magnitude tables
-
PII handling — identifiers are excluded from the analytic
path; only disclosure-controlled aggregates are reported.
NIST SP 800-122; NISTIR 8053
Published results
| Census tract | Total consumption (kWh) | Contributors | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tract 10 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 9.02 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 13.12 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 14.03 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 14.02 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.24 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.25 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 11.03 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.27 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.04 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.23 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 24.47 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.07 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 21.11 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 8.01 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.20 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.26 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 7 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 14.01 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.13 | 2,056,445 | 34 | Published |
| Tract 8.03 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 13.09 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.14 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 9.01 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 13.11 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 8.04 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.16 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 4.01 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 24.48 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 12 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 11.01 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 6.01 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 8.02 | 987,663 | 26 | Published |
| Tract 4.02 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 24.03 | * | — | Withheld |
| (no location) | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 13.07 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 24.11 | 729,378 | 34 | Published |
| Tract 16.02 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 3.08 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.10 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 11.02 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.22 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 16.03 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 13.04 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.21 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 21.10 | 454,559 | 23 | Published |
| Tract 13.08 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 20.06 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 16.05 | 383,848 | 21 | Published |
| Tract 21.09 | 378,218 | 18 | Published |
| Tract 20.03 | 359,335 | 22 | Published |
| Tract 13.10 | * | — | Withheld |
| (outside area) | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 3.09 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 24.13 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 19.23 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 19.11 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 21.07 | 284,482 | 21 | Published |
| Tract 5 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 23.15 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 6.08 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 16.04 | 219,952 | 17 | Published |
| Tract 6.05 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 3.07 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 9800 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 24.44 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 6.07 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 20.07 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 3.02 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 19.10 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 24.43 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 19.19 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 2.04 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 6.06 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 20.02 | * | — | Withheld |
| Tract 24.10 | * | — | Withheld |
Consumption profile
Total consumption by census tract — published groups (kWh)
Consumption distribution & inequality
0.739
Gini coefficient
Gini 1912; Lorenz 1905
3.708
Coefficient of variation
std ÷ mean
21721
Median use / account (kWh/yr)
across 1500 accounts
230
High outliers
Tukey 1.5·IQR
Lorenz curve — cumulative use vs. cumulative accounts
Percentiles (kWh/yr)
| 10th | 10315 |
| 25th | 14478 |
| Median | 21721 |
| 75th | 39206 |
| 90th | 140491 |
Customer class × month
Total consumption — class (rows) × month (columns); blanks were suppressed (kWh)
Geography & spatial clustering
Random
Spatial pattern
not significant
0.147
Moran's I
expected -0.125
0.65
z-score
over 9 areas
0.5168
p-value
two-tailed
Total consumption by area (kWh) — uncolored areas are suppressed
No significant spatial pattern — values look randomly placed.
1 hot spot (Getis-Ord Gi*, p < 0.05).
Global Moran's I, rook contiguity; normality-assumption inference. Moran (1950); Cliff & Ord (1973). Basemap © OpenStreetMap/Carto.
Weather & seasonality
7.3%
Weather-sensitive (cooling-driven)
ASHRAE G14; PRISM
0.0% / 100.0%
Heating / cooling split
of weather-driven use
—
Weather-normalized annual
restated at normal year
0.952
Model fit (R²)
degree-day regression
E = 7039 + -4.2528·HDD + 2.4549·CDD · base 65°F · 11 months
Seasonal use — 37.6% above winter baseline, peak Aug
Average monthly consumption vs. winter baseline (kWh)
Winter-baseline (minimum-month) method. Standard seasonal decomposition.
Demand & load
0.284
Median load factor
across 1500 buildings
4921
Coincident peak (kW)
hour 10:00
0.133
Coincidence factor
NREL UMP Ch.10
7.53
Diversity factor
1 ÷ coincidence
Peak demand by hour of day (summed customer peaks; tallest = system coincident peak)
Load factor by class
| Class | Buildings | p25 | Median | p75 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RESIDENTIAL | 1230 | 0.233 | 0.271 | 0.307 |
| COMMERCIAL | 233 | 0.368 | 0.405 | 0.447 |
| INDUSTRIAL | 37 | 0.48 | 0.516 | 0.579 |
Load factor: utility load research; NREL UMP. Coincidence/diversity: NREL UMP Ch.10; BPA M&V. Small classes withheld (k-anonymity).
Benchmarking — Energy Use Intensity
35.7
Median EUI (kBtu/ft²/yr)
EPA ENERGY STAR; DOE/EIA CBECS
1500
Buildings benchmarked
floor area & ≥ 2 months
1 kWh = 3.412 kBtu; 1 therm = 100 kBtu (EIA)
reference constants v2024.1
EUI distribution across buildings (published classes)
By customer class (site EUI, kBtu/ft²/yr)
| Class | Bldgs | p25 | Median | p75 | vs nat'l |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RESIDENTIAL | 1230 | 23.4 | 36.4 | 57.4 | 121% |
| COMMERCIAL | 233 | 15.5 | 29.2 | 57.4 | 42% |
| INDUSTRIAL | 37 | 19.2 | 53.7 | 131.2 | — |
Within-dataset EUI percentiles vs. class peers. “vs nat'l” is coarse all-fuel context (CBECS 2018 / RECS 2020), not the ENERGY STAR 1–100 score. Small classes withheld.
Energy burden & equity
Burden = annual energy cost ÷ tract median household income at $0.16/kWh. Bands: ≤6% affordable · 6–10% moderate · >10% high (ACEEE).
4.69%
Median tract burden
across 46 tracts
3
High-burden tracts
> 10% of income
23.9%
Households high-burden
300 of 1253
31
Tracts suppressed
below min-count
Energy burden by census tract (% of income)
Energy burden = annual energy cost ÷ median household income; ≤6% / 6–10% / >10% cut points (6% affordability from the Home Energy Affordability Gap [Fisher, Sheehan & Colton]; used by DOE/NREL LEAD & ACEEE — convention, not statute). Income: ACS 5-year B19013. Rate: EIA average retail price. Tract-level per DOE/NREL LEAD; metered-commodity burden is a lower bound on total home-energy burden.
Measurement & verification (IPMVP Option C)
Baseline model fit on 5 months before Jul 2023; savings measured over the following 6 reporting months. Synthetic demo with no intervention — avoided energy near 0% is the method working correctly.
-1.3%
Avoided energy
-549 kWh/meter
41891
Adjusted baseline (CBL)
kWh/meter expected
42440
Reporting actual
kWh/meter metered
0.953
Baseline fit (R²)
degree-day model
Reporting period: metered actual vs. adjusted baseline (kWh/meter)
IPMVP Option C (EVO 10000-1:2016); ASHRAE Guideline 14; base-65°F degree days (US EIA / NOAA).
Differential privacy — an alternative release
An alternative to suppression: instead of hiding small groups, calibrated Laplace noise is added to each count (ε = 1.0, scale b = 1.0) so no individual's presence can be inferred while totals stay useful. Mean absolute error ±1.0 across 30 groups.
True vs. differentially private counts by geography
Laplace mechanism, ε-differential privacy. Dwork, McSherry, Nissim & Smith (2006); Dwork & Roth (2014); US Census Bureau 2020 DAS.
Appendix — policy & citations
Disclosure-control settings
| Governing standard | 15/15 rule |
| Minimum group size (k) | 15 |
| Dominance (top-n ≤ p) | 1 ≤ 0.15 |
| Min accounts for models | 15 |
| Grouping | Census tract |
Standards & sources cited
- k-anonymity — Sweeney (2002); ESSnet/Eurostat SDC Handbook
- (n,k)-dominance — ESSnet SDC Handbook §4.2; CPUC 15/15
- Inequality — Gini (1912); Lorenz (1905)
- Spatial — Moran (1950); Cliff & Ord (1973)
- Weather / M&V — ASHRAE Guideline 14; IPMVP Option C; PRISM
- Benchmarking — EPA ENERGY STAR; DOE/EIA CBECS/RECS
- Load — NREL UMP; BPA M&V Peak Demand
- Burden — ACEEE; US Census ACS
- Differential privacy — Dwork et al. (2006); US Census 2020 DAS
- PII — NIST SP 800-122; NISTIR 8053; NIST SP 800-188
- Methods & Formulas — every rule & analysis with its formula-as-implemented and primary citation
Synthetic sample data — for demonstration, not distribution. Generated by UnitTrack, a Polish Clover Solutions product · 2026-07-27 19:36.